Overproduction of
melanin can potentially lead to dark spots on the skin, and this condition is
called hyperpigmentation. Increased skin pigmentation can manifest in different
ways, including freckles, age spots, melasma, liver spots, sun spots, and
under-eye dark circles. The good news is that you don’t have to live with these
unsightly marks. There are several treatments available for removing or at
least reducing dark spots caused by hyperpigmentation, and some of them can be
combined or used together:
Skin
Whitening Creams
Hydroquinone has been
shown to help reduce pigment-forming cells and arrest hyperpigmentation. However,
hydroquinone creams can sometimes irritate the skin, so be extremely careful
when using them. Don’t self-medicate; always ask your dermatologist if this
open is right for you before you use it. Your doctor might recommend other
formulations that also contain retinoids, kojic acid, and even vitamin C.
Chemical
Peels
Chemical peels remove
the epidermis cells that have excess pigment. A deeper phenol peel or TCA peel
can also be used to deal with hyperpigmentation. Remember that these treatments
have to be undertaken by experienced dermatologists because when used incorrectly,
it might cause scarring or make your skin too light.
Alpha hydroxy acids
or AHAs—most commonly lactic acid and glycolic acid—may also be used to treat
hyperpigmentation. They can help remove the buildup of dead ‘surface’
cells stained with pigment to reduce discoloration. Your doctor might recommend
that you undergo a series of AHA chemical peels to lighten the skin.
Laser
Treatment
Certain lasers are
likewise used to remove the outer layers of skin, and others are designed to
specifically target only the pigment-producing cells.
IPL (intense pulsed
light) photofacial is a popular method of treating hyperpigmentation, along
with Q-switched laser technology. Ask your dermatologist about which type of
laser treatment is most suitable for your condition and your goals.
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